Keloids
Keloids refer to a type of abnormal scarring that can form at the site of a wound or incision. Unlike normal scars, keloids extend beyond the original wound and are characterized by their raised, thick, and often rubbery texture. They can vary in color, but typically appear darker or redder than the surrounding skin. Keloids can form on any part of the body and are more common in areas with high skin tension, such as the chest, shoulders, ear lobes, and upper back.They stand out due to their raised and often painful appearance, affecting not only a person’s physical appearance but also their emotional well-being.
Types–
There are two main types of keloids:
• Hypertrophic Keloids: These are raised and thick scars, but they stay within the boundaries of the original wound and often improve over time.
• True Keloids: These are the more aggressive type, extending beyond the wound’s boundaries and often growing larger over time. They can be more challenging to treat.
Symptoms –
Generally, keloids don’t show up right away after a normal scar has formed. It can take three months to a year for a keloid to appear, and can take weeks, months, or even years to grow.
Appearance: Much larger and more pigmented than the original wound that caused it. They range from feeling soft & doughy to hard & rubbery; regardless, they don’t feel the same as surrounding skin.
Size: Much bigger in size, more elevated in height, and more pigmented than a normal scar. The size range is quite broad, from less than one inch to 12 inches or higher.
Colour: Often begins as a raised pink, red, or purple scar, and darkens as time passes. Generally darker than the person’s skin, with a darker border than the center.
Location: Anywhere on the body
Additional symptoms: Can feel itchy, tender, and painful while they’re growing; these symptoms stop when growth stops.
Certain areas of the body are especially prone to forming keloid scars, including:
- Earlobes
- Midline of chest
- Back
- Shoulders
Keloids can form at any age and happen randomly. Some of your scars could heal adequately, and others turn into keloids.
Causes–
The exact cause of keloids is not fully understood, but several factors contribute to their development. These include:
• Genetic Predisposition: A family history of keloids can increase the risk of developing them.
• Skin Type: People with darker skin tones are more prone to keloid formation.
• Injury or Surgery: Any injury or surgical incision can potentially trigger keloid formation.
• Inflammation: Ongoing inflammation in the skin can contribute to keloid development.
Risk Factors –
Certain factors increase the risk of developing keloids:
• Family history of keloids.
• Darker skin pigmentation.
• Being younger, as keloids are more common in adolescents and young adults.
Complications–
While keloids are not usually harmful to one’s physical health, they can have significant complications, including:
• Emotional Distress: Keloids can cause anxiety and self-esteem issues due to their appearance.
• Functional Impairment: In some cases, keloids may restrict movement or cause discomfort, affecting daily activities.
• Recurrence: Even after treatment, keloids can return, making their management challenging.
Diagnosis–
A dermatologist or a healthcare provider can diagnose keloids through a physical examination. They may ask about your medical history and family history of keloids. In some cases, a skin biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment –
Treatment options for keloids aim to reduce their size, alleviate symptoms, and prevent recurrence. Several approaches can be employed:
• Steroid Injections: Corticosteroid injections can help reduce inflammation and flatten keloids.
• Surgical Removal: Surgical excision can be performed, but it often carries the risk of keloid recurrence.
• Laser Therapy: Laser treatment can help reduce the color and thickness of keloids.
• Silicone Gel Sheets: These sheets can be applied to the keloid to flatten and soften it.
• Pressure Dressings: Applying pressure to the keloid can help flatten it over time.
• Cryotherapy: Freezing the keloid can reduce its size and thickness.
• Radiation Therapy: In some cases, radiation therapy may be used to prevent keloid recurrence after surgical removal.
• Topical Medications: Creams or gels containing medications like imiquimod can be prescribed to manage keloids.
Ayurvedic Treatment –
Medicines like Triphala Guggulu, Kaishor Guggulu, Kanchnar Guggulu, Aarogyavardhini Vati, Maha manjishthadi kashayam, Guggulu thikthakam kashayam, Varanadi kashayam need to be given for 1-2 months.
For topical application Jatyadi ghrita kashayam, Kasisadi Tail are the medicines of choice for good results.
It is essential to remember that keloids are challenging to treat, and the effectiveness of these methods may vary from person to person. Multiple treatments may be necessary to achieve the desired results.
Conclusion –
In conclusion, keloids are a unique form of scar tissue that can have a significant impact on a person’s physical and emotional well-being. While they are not harmful, their appearance and potential complications make treatment and management essential. If you suspect you have a keloid or are at risk of developing one, consult a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and personalized treatment plan.
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